Jute

Jute is a type of fiber made from Corchorus capsularis and Corchorus olitorius plants. Commercially used jute is obtained from two species: Corchorus capsularis and Corchorus olitorius. These plants reach a height of 2-4 meters within a year.

It naturally grows in India. Cultivation has begun in China and Malaysia. The Colitorius genus is also known and cultivated in Mediterranean countries. Its arrival in America dates back to the 1870s. In America, it is produced in the states of Texas and South Carolina.

Almost all of the world's jute production belongs to India and Pakistan. One reason for the high production there is the very low labor costs. Jute harvesting is quite difficult. The plant matures in three months. It must be harvested when it flowers. The crop is heavier if it coincides with the seed stage, but the fibers are thicker and harder. The harvested jute plants are baled and thrown into pools. The pools are covered with forest plants, or even animal manure, and left to sit. In this dirty and airless water, the jute husks rot and open. The fibers are extracted from the husks and spread out to dry. After this, the processes continue in factories with machines. As in cotton yarn production, it is cleaned by passing it through combs, completely separated into fibers, and wound onto bobbins as yarn. The thickness of the yarn varies according to its purpose.

Bangladesh and India are the leading producers of jute fiber, followed by Brazil and Taiwan.